HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Rennard, S. I. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Rennard, S. I.

Clinical Approach to Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Cardiovascular Disease

University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska

Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to Stephen I. Rennard, M.D., Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985885 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5885. E-mail: srennard{at}unmc.edu

It has long been recognized that reduced lung function is a major risk factor for cardiac death. It has also become clear that cardiac events are the major cause of death for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with all stages of disease. These associations could be from shared risk factors, most notably cigarette smoking. However, there are mechanistic and physiologic relationships that could account for these associations. This raises the possibility that treatment of COPD could benefit cardiac risks. Despite this, the monitoring of lung function in cardiac patients is not routine. Neither is optimization of lung function, although it may greatly benefit exercise training designed to minimize cardiac risks and symptoms. Conversely, many patients with COPD are at greater risk for cardiac disease than may be recognized, because their COPD is often undiagnosed. Recognition of increased risk could impact the aggressiveness with which other risk factors, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia are managed. Finally, the interactions between cardiac and pulmonary disease have important implications for the development of novel therapies. It is plausible that treatment of pulmonary inflammation characteristic of COPD will alter cardiac risk. Such an approach would offer a novel approach for the development of treatments for these common conditions.

Key Words: cardiovascular disease • chronic obstructive pulmonary disease • comorbidity • diagnosis • therapy

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S. S. Braman Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ACCP Pulmonary Med Brd Rev, January 1, 2009; 25(0): 153 - 186. [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. I. Rennard Inflammation in COPD: a link to systemic comorbidities Eur. Respir. Rev., September 1, 2007; 16(105): 91 - 97. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. N. Hylkema, P. J. Sterk, W. I. de Boer, and D. S. Postma Tobacco use in relation to COPD and asthma Eur. Respir. J., March 1, 2007; 29(3): 438 - 445. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				U. P. Kodavanti, M. C. Schladweiler, A. D. Ledbetter, R. V. Ortuno, M. Suffia, P. Evansky, J. H. Richards, R. H. Jaskot, R. Thomas, E. Karoly, et al. The Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat: An Experimental Model of Sulfur Dioxide-Induced Airways Disease Toxicol. Sci., November 1, 2006; 94(1): 193 - 205. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M.-C. L. Machado, J. A. Krishnan, S. A. Buist, A. L. Bilderback, G. P. Fazolo, M. G. Santarosa, F. Queiroga Jr., and W. M. Vollmer Sex Differences in Survival of Oxygen-dependent Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., September 1, 2006; 174(5): 524 - 529. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]