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© 2008 The American Thoracic Society
doi: 10.1513/pats.200803-023ET
Lung Volume Reduction Surgery
Technique, Operative Mortality, and Morbidity
1 Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; 2 Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; 3 Mayo Clinic Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota; and 4 St. Joseph Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to Malcolm M. DeCamp, Jr., M.D., Chief, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 110 Francis Street, Suite 2A, Boston, MA 02215. E-mail: mdecamp{at}bidmc.harvard.edu
ABSTRACT
The objective of lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) is the safe, effective, and durable palliation of dyspnea in appropriately selected patients with moderate to severe emphysema. Appropriate patient selection and preoperative preparation are prerequisites for successful LVRS. An effective LVRS program requires participation by and communication between experts from pulmonary medicine, thoracic surgery, thoracic anesthesiology, critical care medicine, rehabilitation medicine, respiratory therapy, chest radiology, and nursing. The critical analysis of perioperative outcomes has influenced details of the conduct of the procedure and has established a bilateral, stapled approach as the standard of care for LVRS. The National Emphysema Treatment Trial (NETT) remains the world's largest multi-center, randomized trial comparing LVRS to maximal medical therapy. NETT purposely enrolled a broad spectrum of anatomic patterns of emphysema. This, along with the prospective, audited collection of extensive demographic, physiologic, radiographic, surgical and quality-of-life data, has positioned NETT as the most robust repository of evidence to guide the refinement of patient selection criteria for LVRS, to assist surgeons in providing optimal intraoperative and postoperative care, and to establish benchmarks for survival, complication rates, return to independent living, and durability of response. This article reviews the evolution of current LVRS practice with a particular emphasis on technical aspects of the operation, including the predictors and consequences of its most common complications.
Key Words: emphysema • surgery • complications • outcomes
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