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© 2009 The American Thoracic Society
doi: 10.1513/pats.200901-001AW
Imaging the Molecular Signatures of Apoptosis and Injury with Radiolabeled Annexin V
1 Department of Radiology/Division of Pediatric Radiology, Lucile Salter Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford, California
Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to Francis Gerard Blankenberg, M.D., 725 Welch Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304. E-mail: blankenb{at}stanford.edu
ABSTRACT
Annexin V is a ubiquitous intracellular protein in humans that has a variety of intriguing characteristics, including a nanomolar affinity for the membrane-bound constitutive anionic phospholipid known as phosphatidylserine (PS). PS is selectively expressed on the surface of apoptotic or physiologically stressed cells. As such, radiolabeled forms of annexin V have been used in both animal models and human Phase I and Phase II trials to determine if this tracer can be employed as an early surrogate marker of therapeutic efficacy in NSCLC and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Many other pulmonary imaging applications of radiolabeled annexin V are also possible, including the detection and monitoring of active pulmonary inflammation and other pathophysiologic stressors in a variety of diseases. In this article, the salient molecular features of apoptosis (and other forms of cell death) that permits imaging with radiolabeled annexin V will be discussed. The latest results from Phase II imaging trials with NSCLC and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma will be also be detailed. Finally, the potential future application of this tracer for the imaging of other pulmonary pathologies will be outlined.
Key Words: apoptosis • SPECT • annexin V • imaging, pulmonary
Related articles in Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society:
- Chair's Summary
- Vladimir R. Muzykantov
Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society 2009 6: 398-402.[Full Text]
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